School colors - Revision history

Absentminded: /* History of the Blue and White at Columbia */

2016-05-05T18:54:13Z

‎History of the Blue and White at Columbia

Absentminded: /* History of the Blue and White at Columbia */

2016-05-05T18:34:18Z

‎History of the Blue and White at Columbia

Absentminded: /* Definition */

2014-06-02T14:28:40Z

‎Definition

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2014-06-02T14:23:48Z

‎Definition

Absentminded: /* "Official" Versions of Columbia Blue */

2014-06-02T14:08:44Z

‎"Official" Versions of Columbia Blue

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2014-06-02T14:07:53Z

‎Definition

Absentminded: /* "Official" Versions of Columbia Blue */

2014-06-02T14:04:19Z

‎"Official" Versions of Columbia Blue

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2013-05-17T20:32:52Z

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 == History of the Blue and White at Columbia ==
-The history of the Blue and White dates back to at least [[1852]], when the Philolexian and Peithologian Societies each reduced their palette of society colors from two apiece (Blue and Silver for Philo, White and Gold for Peitho) to one apiece.<ref>It is unclear when precisely Philolexian and Peithologian first adopted light blue and white as society colors, but it can be inferred that it happened sometime before 1852.</ref>  While the colors entered into general usage by students during the 19th century, they first came into prominent use by the school in [[1873]] "at the boat race at Springfield" according to Dean [[John Howard Van Amringe]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iowhAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA248#v=onepage&q&f=false The Colors of Columbia"], Columbia Alumni News, Vol. 6, No. 16, Pgs. 248-249, 15 Jan 1915.</ref><ref>Van Amringe may have been referring to the July 17, 1873 regatta at Springfield, Massachusetts. According to the lengthy NY Times report of the event "The majority of the drivers <nowiki>[of vehicles travelling to the boat race site on the morning of the event]</nowiki> had ribbons on their horses to declare their favorites, and the big teams, that took twenty people at a time, were festooned with ribbons of every possible hue, including colors of the whole eleven competing colleges. If one might judge from the signs of the road, Yale runs very popular... The green of Dartmouth, and the purple and white of Amherst, and the blue and white of Columbia, and the maroon and white of the "Aggies," were also very prominent. So also was Harvard, but to a less degree, which seems surprising considering their popularity." [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9401E3D61539EF34BC4052DFB1668388669FDE A Victory for Yale], The New York Times, 17 July 1873. Though the results aren't clear, it appears that Columbia finished no higher than 7th.</ref>
+The history of the Blue and White dates back to at least [[1852]], when the Philolexian and Peithologian Societies each reduced their palette of society colors from two apiece (Blue and Silver for Philo, White and Gold for Peitho) to one apiece.<ref>It is unclear when precisely Philolexian and Peithologian first adopted light blue and white as society colors, but it can be inferred that it happened sometime before 1852.</ref>  While the colors entered into general usage by students during the 19th century, they first came into prominent use by the school in [[1873]] "at the boat race at Springfield" according to Dean [[John Howard Van Amringe]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iowhAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA248#v=onepage&q&f=false The Colors of Columbia"], Columbia Alumni News, Vol. 6, No. 16, Pgs. 248-249, 15 Jan 1915. Van Amringe may have been referring to the July 17, 1873 regatta at Springfield, Massachusetts. According to the lengthy NY Times report of the event "The majority of the drivers <nowiki>[of vehicles travelling to the boat race site on the morning of the event]</nowiki> had ribbons on their horses to declare their favorites, and the big teams, that took twenty people at a time, were festooned with ribbons of every possible hue, including colors of the whole eleven competing colleges. If one might judge from the signs of the road, Yale runs very popular... The green of Dartmouth, and the purple and white of Amherst, and the blue and white of Columbia, and the maroon and white of the "Aggies," were also very prominent. So also was Harvard, but to a less degree, which seems surprising considering their popularity." [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9401E3D61539EF34BC4052DFB1668388669FDE A Victory for Yale], The New York Times, 17 July 1873. Though the results aren't clear, it appears that Columbia finished no higher than 7th.</ref><ref>[http://spectatorarchive.library.columbia.edu/cgi-bin/columbia?a=d&d=cs18800210-01.2.12# College Colors], Columbia Daily Spectator, 10 Feb 1880.</ref>
 The Philolexian Society maintains to this day, in mock indignation, the position that the school colors are in fact stolen. In [[1986]], one member of the society wrote a letter to the President of the University demanding $1 million in restitution.<ref> [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/philo/legacy_content/content/archives/sovern/ Letter to President Sovern], 2 May 1986.</ref>

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 == History of the Blue and White at Columbia ==
-The history of the Blue and White dates back to at least [[1852]], when the Philolexian and Peithologian Societies each reduced their palette of society colors from two apiece (Blue and Silver for Philo, White and Gold for Peitho) to one apiece.<ref>It is unclear when precisely Philolexian and Peithologian first adopted light blue and white as society colors, but it can be inferred that it happened sometime before 1852.</ref>  While the colors entered into general usage by students during the 19th century, they first came into prominent use by the school in [[1873]] "at the boat race in Springfield" according to Dean [[John Howard Van Amringe]].<ref>Citation needed for this quote.</ref><ref>Van Amringe may have been referring to the July 17, 1873 regatta at Springfield, Massachusetts. According to the lengthy NY Times report of the event "The majority of the drivers <nowiki>[of vehicles travelling to the boat race site on the morning of the event]</nowiki> had ribbons on their horses to declare their favorites, and the big teams, that took twenty people at a time, were festooned with ribbons of every possible hue, including colors of the whole eleven competing colleges. If one might judge from the signs of the road, Yale runs very popular... The green of Dartmouth, and the purple and white of Amherst, and the blue and white of Columbia, and the maroon and white of the "Aggies," were also very prominent. So also was Harvard, but to a less degree, which seems surprising considering their popularity." [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9401E3D61539EF34BC4052DFB1668388669FDE A Victory for Yale], The New York Times, 17 July 1873. Though the results aren't clear, it appears that Columbia finished no higher than 7th.</ref>
+The history of the Blue and White dates back to at least [[1852]], when the Philolexian and Peithologian Societies each reduced their palette of society colors from two apiece (Blue and Silver for Philo, White and Gold for Peitho) to one apiece.<ref>It is unclear when precisely Philolexian and Peithologian first adopted light blue and white as society colors, but it can be inferred that it happened sometime before 1852.</ref>  While the colors entered into general usage by students during the 19th century, they first came into prominent use by the school in [[1873]] "at the boat race at Springfield" according to Dean [[John Howard Van Amringe]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iowhAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA248#v=onepage&q&f=false The Colors of Columbia"], Columbia Alumni News, Vol. 6, No. 16, Pgs. 248-249, 15 Jan 1915.</ref><ref>Van Amringe may have been referring to the July 17, 1873 regatta at Springfield, Massachusetts. According to the lengthy NY Times report of the event "The majority of the drivers <nowiki>[of vehicles travelling to the boat race site on the morning of the event]</nowiki> had ribbons on their horses to declare their favorites, and the big teams, that took twenty people at a time, were festooned with ribbons of every possible hue, including colors of the whole eleven competing colleges. If one might judge from the signs of the road, Yale runs very popular... The green of Dartmouth, and the purple and white of Amherst, and the blue and white of Columbia, and the maroon and white of the "Aggies," were also very prominent. So also was Harvard, but to a less degree, which seems surprising considering their popularity." [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9401E3D61539EF34BC4052DFB1668388669FDE A Victory for Yale], The New York Times, 17 July 1873. Though the results aren't clear, it appears that Columbia finished no higher than 7th.</ref>
 The Philolexian Society maintains to this day, in mock indignation, the position that the school colors are in fact stolen. In [[1986]], one member of the society wrote a letter to the President of the University demanding $1 million in restitution.<ref> [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/philo/legacy_content/content/archives/sovern/ Letter to President Sovern], 2 May 1986.</ref>

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 The decision to define an official color (and the choice of color) was made by Sandy Kaufman, a member of the office, during the early 2000s in order to provide guidance to other members of the University community during a period of time that featured a number of branding initiatives, such as [[Columbia 250]], and the launch of the [[Columbia Alumni Association]]. The determination has since been codified in a visual identity guide first published in 2009, and then updated in 2011.<ref>blue290 A Practical Guide to Columbia’s Standards of Visual Identity [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/identityguidelines/blue290.pdf (May 2009)]; [http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/blue290.pdf May 2011]</ref><ref>Although the decision originated with Kaufman in the Publications office, the guidance appears to have been formalized for the first time by Columbia College, which created a visual identity guideline in 2008: [http://www.wikicu.com/images/0/05/Cc_visualidguide_final.pdf Columbia College Visual Identity Guide]. (The PDF Document Properties indicate that the guide was created in August 2008.) Note that the College guide offered yet another contrasting blue option (Pantone 295), in addition to a more colorful palette generally.</ref>
-For all its merits, PMS 290 presents a number of difficulties for graphic designers, primarily that reading text in PMS 290 on a light background is extremely difficult. To that end the guide recommends using PMS 280 or 286, or in the case of 4-color Process printing C: 100 M: 72 Y: 0 K, (all three of which are dark blues), black, or gray (60% black) on light backgrounds. It  recommends using Columbia Blue itself (PMS 290) only on darker backgrounds, or, in the alternative, the very similar PMS 291, or PMS 286 (another light blue).
+For all its merits, PMS 290 presents a number of difficulties for graphic designers, primarily that reading text in PMS 290 on a light background is extremely difficult. To that end the guide recommends using PMS 280 or 286, or in the case of 4-color Process printing C: 100 M: 72 Y: 0 K, (all three of which are dark blues), black, or gray (60% black) on light backgrounds. It  recommends using Columbia Blue itself (PMS 290) only on darker backgrounds, or, in the alternative, the very similar PMS 291, or PMS 284 (another light blue).
-Although not included in the guide itself, preferred web-colors for each PMS color have been identified as follows: Pantone 290 (#c4d8e2)<ref>In its no-longer-circulated 2008 guide, Columbia College identified #a6b7c8 as its preferred web-color interpretation of Pantone 290. Unsurprisingly this is the web-color they've incorporated into their wbesite as of May 2013.</ref>, Pantone 291 (#A8cee2), Pantone 284 (#75aadb), Pantone 280 (#002b7f), Pantone 286 (#0038a8), black (#000000), gray (60% black; #999999).<ref name=webidentity>[http://www.columbia.edu/content/logo.html The University Identity: Logo]</ref> Curiously, the same site offers 32 suggested color palettes for use in designing web pages; PMS 290 (as defined in web color) is not incorporated into a single one of them.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/color-palettes.pdf Color Pallettes]</ref>
+Although not included in the guide itself, preferred web-colors for each PMS color have been identified on a "Web & Identity Guidelines" page as follows: Pantone 290 (#c4d8e2)<ref>In its no-longer-circulated 2008 guide, Columbia College identified #a6b7c8 as its preferred web-color interpretation of Pantone 290. Unsurprisingly this is the web-color they've incorporated into their wbesite as of May 2013.</ref>, Pantone 291 (#A8cee2), Pantone 284 (#75aadb), Pantone 280 (#002b7f), Pantone 286 (#0038a8), black (#000000), gray (60% black; #999999).<ref name=webidentity>[http://www.columbia.edu/content/logo.html The University Identity: Logo]</ref> Curiously, the same site offers 32 suggested color palettes for use in designing web pages; PMS 290 (as defined in web color) is not incorporated into a single one of them.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/color-palettes.pdf Color Pallettes]</ref>
 In final bit of confusion, the University specifies PMS 294 (without further definition), a color mentioned neither in the blue290 guide, or the Web & Identity Guidelines page, for letterhead and business cards.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/content/letterhead-business-cards.html Letterhead & Business Cards</ref>

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 The decision to define an official color (and the choice of color) was made by Sandy Kaufman, a member of the office, during the early 2000s in order to provide guidance to other members of the University community during a period of time that featured a number of branding initiatives, such as [[Columbia 250]], and the launch of the [[Columbia Alumni Association]]. The determination has since been codified in a visual identity guide first published in 2009, and then updated in 2011.<ref>blue290 A Practical Guide to Columbia’s Standards of Visual Identity [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/identityguidelines/blue290.pdf (May 2009)]; [http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/blue290.pdf May 2011]</ref><ref>Although the decision originated with Kaufman in the Publications office, the guidance appears to have been formalized for the first time by Columbia College, which created a visual identity guideline in 2008: [http://www.wikicu.com/images/0/05/Cc_visualidguide_final.pdf Columbia College Visual Identity Guide]. (The PDF Document Properties indicate that the guide was created in August 2008.) Note that the College guide offered yet another contrasting blue option (Pantone 295), in addition to a more colorful palette generally.</ref>
 For all its merits, PMS 290 presents a number of difficulties for graphic designers, primarily that reading text in PMS 290 on a light background is extremely difficult. To that end the guide recommends using PMS 280 or 286, or in the case of 4-color Process printing C: 100 M: 72 Y: 0 K, (all three of which are dark blues), black, or gray (60% black) on light backgrounds. It  recommends using Columbia Blue itself (PMS 290) only on darker backgrounds, or, in the alternative, the very similar PMS 291, or PMS 286 (another light blue).
-Although not included in the guide itself, preferred web-colors for each PMS color have been identified as follows: Pantone 290 (#c4d8e2)<ref>In its no-longer-circulated 2008 guide, Columbia College identified #a6b7c8 as its preferred web-color interpretation of Pantone 290. Unsurprisingly this is the web-color they've incorporated into their wbesite as of May 2013.</ref>, Pantone 291 (#A8cee2), Pantone 284 (#75aadb), Pantone 280 (#002b7f), Pantone 286 (#0038a8), black (#000000), gray (60% black; #999999).<ref name=webidentity>[http://www.columbia.edu/content/logo.html The University Identity: Logo]</ref>
+Although not included in the guide itself, preferred web-colors for each PMS color have been identified as follows: Pantone 290 (#c4d8e2)<ref>In its no-longer-circulated 2008 guide, Columbia College identified #a6b7c8 as its preferred web-color interpretation of Pantone 290. Unsurprisingly this is the web-color they've incorporated into their wbesite as of May 2013.</ref>, Pantone 291 (#A8cee2), Pantone 284 (#75aadb), Pantone 280 (#002b7f), Pantone 286 (#0038a8), black (#000000), gray (60% black; #999999).<ref name=webidentity>[http://www.columbia.edu/content/logo.html The University Identity: Logo]</ref> Curiously, the same site offers 32 suggested color palettes for use in designing web pages; PMS 290 (as defined in web color) is not incorporated into a single one of them.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/color-palettes.pdf Color Pallettes]</ref>
 === Athletics Colors ===

@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 | bgcolor="#c4d8e2" |
 | Columbia Blue
-| Columbia Blue (PMS 290) preferred web color as defined by the Web & Identity Guidelines page (Hex: C4D8E2)
+| Columbia Blue (PMS 290) preferred web color as defined by the Web & Identity Guidelines page<ref name=webidentity /> (Hex: C4D8E2)
 |-
 | bgcolor="#A6B7C8" |

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 | '''Name'''
 | '''Source'''
 |-
 | bgcolor="#A6B7C8" |
 | Columbia Blue
-| Columbia Blue as defined by the [[Columbia College]] Visual Identity Guide as PMS 290 (Hex: A6B7C8)
+| Columbia Blue (PMS 290) preferred web color as defined by the [[Columbia College]] Visual Identity Guide (Hex: A6B7C8)
 |-
 | bgcolor="#76B3DF" |

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 Columbia Blue is defined by the [[Office of University Publications]] as [[w:Pantone|Pantone]] 290 under the Pantone Matching System. White is defined as... white. What did you expect?
-The decision to define an official color (and the choice of color) was made by Sandy Kaufman, a member of the office, during the early 2000s in order to provide guidance to other members of the University community during a period of time that featured a number of branding initiatives, such as [[Columbia 250]], and the launch of the [[Columbia Alumni Association]]. The determination has since been codified in a visual identity guide first published in 2009, and then updated in 2011.<ref>blue290 A Practical Guide to Columbia’s Standards of Visual Identity [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/identityguidelines/blue290.pdf (May 2009)]; [http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/blue290.pdf May 2011]</ref> <ref>Although the decision originated with Kaufman in the Publications office, the guidance appears to have been formalized for the first time by Columbia College, which created a visual identity guideline in 2008: [http://www.wikicu.com/images/0/05/Cc_visualidguide_final.pdf Columbia College Visual Identity Guide]. (The PDF Document Properties indicate that the guide was created in August 2008.) Note that the College guide offered yet another contrasting blue option (Pantone 295), in addition to a more colorful palette generally.</ref>
+The decision to define an official color (and the choice of color) was made by Sandy Kaufman, a member of the office, during the early 2000s in order to provide guidance to other members of the University community during a period of time that featured a number of branding initiatives, such as [[Columbia 250]], and the launch of the [[Columbia Alumni Association]]. The determination has since been codified in a visual identity guide first published in 2009, and then updated in 2011.<ref>blue290 A Practical Guide to Columbia’s Standards of Visual Identity [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/identityguidelines/blue290.pdf (May 2009)]; [http://www.columbia.edu/files/columbia/content/blue290.pdf May 2011]</ref><ref>Although the decision originated with Kaufman in the Publications office, the guidance appears to have been formalized for the first time by Columbia College, which created a visual identity guideline in 2008: [http://www.wikicu.com/images/0/05/Cc_visualidguide_final.pdf Columbia College Visual Identity Guide]. (The PDF Document Properties indicate that the guide was created in August 2008.) Note that the College guide offered yet another contrasting blue option (Pantone 295), in addition to a more colorful palette generally.</ref>
 For all its merits, PMS 290 presents a number of difficulties for graphic designers, primarily that reading text in PMS 290 on a light background is extremely difficult. To that end the guide recommends using PMS 280 or 286, or in the case of 4-color Process printing C: 100 M: 72 Y: 0 K, (all three of which are dark blues), black, or gray (60% black) on light backgrounds. On recommends using Columbia Blue itself (PMS 290) only on darker backgrounds, or in the alternative the very similar PMS 291, or PMS 286 (another light blue).